- cross-posted to:
- linux@programming.dev
- cross-posted to:
- linux@programming.dev
I’ve been trying nushell and words fail me. It’s like it was made for actual humans to use! 🤯 🤯 🤯
It even repeats the column headers at the end of the table if the output takes more than your screen…
Trying to think of how to do the same thing with awk
/grep
/sort
/whatever
is giving me a headache. Actually just thinking about awk
is giving me a headache. I think I might be allergic.
I’m really curious, what’s your favorite shell? Have you tried other shells than your distro’s default one? Are you an awk wizard or do you run away very fast whenever it’s mentioned?
I feel like if I was forced to use PowerShell I’d fall in love with it and want to use it on Linux. Passing objects between commands instead of text sounds amazing. So many (Linux) shell commands use slightly differently shaped text, it’s annoying. New line separated? Tab separated? Null separated? Comma separated? Multiple fields? JSON? And converting between them all and using different flags to accept different ones is just such a headache.
I was under the impression that it was available on Linux?
PowerShell’s
import-csv
andexport-csv
are too dang powerful. Doing batch processing in PS is so cool.
Fish is great.
Sorry I am vegan
Vegans can use fish, as long as they don’t bash
I’m an absolute Linux tard, so it’s hilarious to me trying to read and understand most of these comments
Everyone was a newbie at one point
I used nushell for a good 6 months, it was nice having structured data, but the syntax difference to bash which I use for my day job was just too jarring to stick with.
Fish was (for me) the right balance of nice syntactic sugar and being able to reasonably expect a bash idiom will work.
I love Nushell, it’s so much more pleasant for writing scripts IMO. I know some people say they’d just use Python if they need more than what a POSIX shell offers, but I think Nushell is a perfect option in between.
With a Nushell scripts you get types, structured data, and useful commands for working with them, while still being able to easily execute and pipe external commands. I’ve only ever had two very minor gripes with Nushell, the inability to detach a process, and the lack of a
-l
flag forcp
. Now that uutils supports the-l
flag, Nushell support is a WIP, and I realized systemd-run is a better option than just detaching processes when SSHd into a server.I know another criticism is that it doesn’t work well with external cli tools, but I’ve honestly never had an issue with any. A ton of CLI tools support JSON output, which can be piped into
from json
to make working with it in Nushell very easy. Simpler tools often just output a basic table, which can be piped intodetect columns
to automatically turn it into a Nushell table. Sometimes strange formatting will make this a little weird, but fixing that formatting with some string manipulation (which Nushell also makes very easy) is usually still easier than trying to parse it in Bash.So you drive daily with nushell and then script in bash for portability?
Sounds not bad actually…
I’ve used nushell for several months, and it really is an amazing shell
It feels more like an actual language than arcane runes, and I can easily makes chains and pipelines and things that would be difficult in bash
Additionally, it makes a pretty good scripting language
thanks, good thread.
Until you discover nushell’s (lack of) quoting rules
Can you elaborate?
Last I checked, there was no rigorous system for how quoting worked, such as how to escape a quote inside a string.
That looks a lot like PowerShell
PowerShell without the awful syntax
What awful syntax?
Ffs bash uses
echo "${filename%.*}"
andsubstring=${string:0:5}
andlower="${var,,}"
andtitle="${var^}"
&c. It doesn’t usefor assignment, only in expressions.
I’m really curious, what’s your favorite shell?
Emacs eshell+eat
It essentially reverses the terminal/shell relationship. Here, it’s the shell that starts a terminal session for every command. Eshell is also tightly integrated with Emacs and has access to all the extended functionality. You can use Lisp in one-liners, you can pipe output directly to an emacs buffer, you can write custom commands as lisp functions, full shortcut customization not limited to terminal keys, history search via the completion framework (i.e. consult-history), easy prompt customization, etc.
There’s also Tramp, which lets you transparently
cd
into remote hosts via ssh, docker containers, SMB/NFS-shares, archive files, and work with them as if they were normal directories (obviously with limited functionality in some cases, like archives).And probably a lot of stuff I’m missing right now.
I like nushell, but I love xonsh. Xonsh is the bastard love child of Python and Bash.
it can be thought of as:
- try this statement in Python
- if there’s an exception, try it in bash.
Now, that’s not a very accurate description, because the reality is more nuanced, but it allows for things like:
for file in !(find | grep -i '[.]mp3^'): file = Path(file.strip()) if file != Path('.') and file != file.with_suffix('.mp3'): mv @(file) @(file.with_suffix('.mp3'))
Now, there are things in there I wouldn’t bother with normally - like, rather than using
mv
, I’d just usefile.rename()
, but the snippet shows a couple of the tools for interaction between xonsh and sh.- !(foo) - if writing python, execute foo, and return lines
- @(foo) - if writing sh, substitute with the value of the foo variable.
But, either a line is treated in a pyhony way, or in a shelly way - and if a line is shelly, you can reference Python variables or expressions via @(), and if it’s Pythony, you can execute shell code with !() or $(), returning the lines or the exact value, respectively.
Granted, I love python and like shell well enough, and chimeras are my jam, so go figure.
Xonsh is also a really cool option. If I used Python more regularly and was more comfortable using it without having to look stuff up, I’d probably use it over Nushell.
Does this offer anything of pure python?
It’s a superset of python, so valid python should run fine. Imports into your shell are doable, too – for example, I import
path.Path
in my xonshrc, so it’s always available when I hit the shell. I don’t often have to usePath
, because regular shell commands are often more straightforward. But when I do, it’s nice to have it already loaded. Granted, that could get kooky, depending on what you import and execute.You can associate/shebang Xonsh with .xsh files, or run “xonsh foo.xsh” - and that works like “bash foo.sh” would, except using xonsh syntax, of course.
It’s not Bash compatible - copypasta of scripts may not work out. But it’s a good shell with some typical shell semantics.
there are some great plugins, too - like autovox, which allows you to create python venvs associated with specific subfolders. so,
cd myproject
does the equivalent ofcd myproject; . path/to/venv/bin/activate
.overall, there definitely is some jank, but it’s a great tool and I love it.
Hm. That sounds delightful. I do think once your script hits a not one liner level of complexity, python is a logical next step.
Does it provide any useful stuff to Python itself? Would I like, derive any benefit to writing a script in xonsh over pure python?
I’ve had nushell as my daily driver for a couple years now and I love it. “Made for actual humans to use” is exactly the description I’d give.
Nushell looks cool but I prefer to stick with the POSIXes so that I know my scripts will always work and syntax always does what I expect it to. I use zsh as a daily driver, and put up with various bashes, ashes, dashes, that come pre-installed with systems I won’t be using loads (e.g. temporary vms).
I love NuShell but it is annoying when using LLMs to generate troubleshooting code.
Always confuses me when people say this. You can use multiple different shells / scripting languages, just as you can use multiple programming languages.
If you want your scripts to “always work” you’ll need to go with the most common/standard language, because the environments you work on might not be able to use all of those languages.
I mean if all your scripts are fully general purpose. That just seems really weird to me. I don’t need to run my yt-dlp scripts on the computational clusters I work on.
Moreover, none of this applies to the interactive use of the shell.
It’s not only clusters… I have my shell configuration even in my Android phone, where I often connect to by ssh. And also in my Kobo, and in my small portable console running Knulli.
In my case, my shell configuration is structured in some folders where I can add config specific to each location while still sharing the same base.
If you don’t mind that those scripts not always work and you have the time to maintain 2 separate sets of configuration and initialization scripts, and aliases, etc. then it’s fine.
those scripts not always work
This feels like ragebait. I have multiple devices, use fish whenever that can be installed and zsh/bash when not, and have none of these issues.
EDIT:
or some methods to jump to most recent directory like z.
Manually downloading the same shell scripts on every machine is just doing what the package manager is supposed to do for you. I did this once to get some rust utils like eza to get them to work without sudo. It’s terrible.
Manually downloading the same shell scripts on every machine is just doing what the package manager is supposed to do for you
If you have a package manager available, and what you need is available there, sure. My Synology NAS, my Knulli, my cygwin installs in Windows, my Android device… they are not so easy to have custom shells in (does fish even have a Windows port?).
I rarely have to manually copy, in many of those environments you can at least
git clone
, or use existing syncing mechanisms. In the ones that don’t even have that… well, at least copying the config works, I just scp it, not a big deal, it’s not like I have to do that so often… I could even script it to make it automatic if it ever became a problem.Also, note that I do not just use things like
z
straight away… my custom configuration automatically callsz
as a fallback when I mistype a directory withcd
(or when I intentionally usecd
while in a far/wrong location just so I can reach faster/easier)… I have a lot of things customized, the package install would only be the first step.So you’re willing to do a lot of manual package managing, in general put a lot of work into optimizing your workflow, adjusting to different package availability, adjusting to different operating systems…
…but not writing two different configs?
That is your prerogative but you’re not convincing me. Though I don’t think I’ll be convincing you either.
I have separate configs/aliases/etc for most of my machines just because, well, they are different machines with different hardware, software, data, operating systems and purposes. Even for those (most) that I can easily install fish on.
Some people work on machines where they are not allowed to install anything.
What does that have to do with anything?
You said you/I/everyone can use multiple shells, I said: no, I can’t, at least not on all the machines that I have to use.
at least not on all the machines that I have to use
Ok?
I know that. I just don’t have a use case for alternative shells. Zsh works fine for me and I know how it works. I don’t have problems that need fixing, so I don’t need to take the time to learn a new, incompatible shell.
I don’t really mind having a non-POSIX shell since it doesn’t prevent bash scripts from working, but I get that if you want portability bash is still best since it’ll work mostly anywhere.
If I can shebang nutshell (assuming all the builtins from bash or even sh work) and pass a flag to remove all the fancy UI-for-humans formatting so that piped commands int eh scripts work, then I think this is incredible.
Yeah having this installed along side other more “standard” shells is fine I guess, but it looks like maybe it has some neat functionality that is more difficult in other shells? I guess I’d need to read up on it more but having a non-interactive mode for machines to read more easily would be a huge plus for it overall. I suppose that depends on what it offers/what it’s trying to accomplish.
The Unicode bars aren’t actually stored; that’s just the graphical representation of the table datatype which you can think of as JSON
Like PowerShell does?
exactly
some claim that was the inspiration for nushell: powershell but less verbose and more bashy
Your scripts should have Bourne shebangs
They have
!/bin/sh
shebangs./bin/sh
is a symlink, in my case to zsh. I like using one language.Hopefully you’re not using the sh language—hopefully you’re restraining yourself from using any of the non-POSIX extensions then
then your hashbangs are bad. isn’t their point to tell the kernel exactly which interpreter can process it correctly?
They’re posix scripts… Any posix compliant bin/sh can interpret them.
To be fair, I’m fairly sure the zsh interpreter has a POSIX sh mode
Yeah, there should be a clear separation between scripts, which should have a shebang, and interactive use.
If a script starts acting oddly after someone does a
chsh
, then that script is broken. Hopefully people don’t actually distribute broken script files that have some implicit dependency on an unspecified interpreter in this day and age.
Looks like it’s taken a page from PowerShell in passing structured data rather than just text.
Oh I didn’t know powershell did that too! It sure beats endless parsing errors
That was the foundational concept in powershell; everything is an object. They then went a ruined it with insane syntax and a somewhat logical, but entirely in practice verb-noun command structure.
Nushell is powershell for humans. And helps that it runs across all systems. It’s one of the first things I install.
somewhat logical, but entirely in practice verb-noun command structure.
That’s supposed to be “impractical”, not “in practice”, for others reading along.
For example, the “proper” command to list a directory is:
Get-ChildItem
The “proper” command to fetch a webpage is:Invoke-WebRequest https://example.com/
In these particular cases, they do have aliases defined, so you can use
ls
,dir
andcurl
instead, but …yeah, that’s still generally what the command names are like.It’s partially more verbose than C#, which is one of the most verbose programming languages out there. I genuinely feel like this kind of defeats the point of having a scripting language in the first place, when it isn’t succinct.
Like, you’re hardly going to use it interactively, because it is so verbose, so you won’t know the commands very well. Which means, if you go to write a script with Powershell, you’ll need to look up how to do everything just as much as with a full-fledged programming language. And I do typically prefer the better tooling of a full-fledged programming language…
Yeah, it has. I think they started out as loving the concepts of PowerShell but hating the implementation, combined with the fact that PowerShell is clearly a Windows-first shell and doesn’t work so well on other OSes (it surprised me a lot to find out that PowerShell even has support for linux).
nu
tries to implement these concepts in a way that’s more universal and can work equally well on Linux, macOS or Windows.Powershell works really well on other OSs now. I use it on MacOS and Linux daily. I might loath MS but Powershell is a fantastic shell and after working with an object-oriented shell I hate going back to anything else.