Since Debian 13 (Trixie), when using the default FDE which uses grub to decrypt the luks partition, I have a single attempt
When the password is mistyped there is a long pause (over 10 seconds) and then the error appears.
I already tried increasing the max tries, which seems to be set to 1 when a keyfile is used.
Will update for more info
Interesting that might be the case. The install was Deb12, updated to 13. Might not have updated the grub.
But this happened AFTER the 13 upgrade, not before. So rather a newer grub version.